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Alcohol-related dementia
Alcohol-related dementia (ARD) is a form of dementia caused by long-term, excessive drinking, resulting in neurological damage and impaired mental processing.
==Terminology==
Alcohol-related dementia is a broad term currently preferred among medical professionals.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Alcohol-related dementia: a 21st-century silent epidemic? - The British Journal of Psychiatry )〕 Many experts use the terms alcohol (or alcoholic) dementia to describe a specific form of ARD, characterized by impaired executive function (planning, thinking, and judgment).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=John Libbey Eurotext - Psychologie & NeuroPsychiatrie du vieillissement - Alcool et vieillissement )〕 Another form of ARD is known as wet brain (Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome), characterized by short term memory loss and thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency. ARD patients often have symptoms of both forms, i.e. impaired ability to plan, apathy, and memory loss. ARD may occur with other forms of dementia (mixed dementia). The diagnosis of ARD is widely recognized but rarely applied, due to a lack of specific diagnostic criteria.
On many non-medical websites, the terms wet brain and alcohol-related dementia are often used interchangeably, creating significant confusion. Additionally, the term Alcohol-Induced Persistent Dementia is another non-specific name that is sometimes used.
Epidemiological studies show an association between long-term alcohol intoxication and dementia.〔 Alcohol can damage the brain directly as a neurotoxin,〔 or it can damage it indirectly by causing malnutrition, primarily a loss of thiamine (vitamin B1).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Alcohol-related dementia )〕 Alcohol abuse is common in older persons, and alcohol-related dementia is under-diagnosed.〔http://www.alzbrain.org/pdf/handouts/6001.ALCOHOL%20INDUCED%20DEMENTIA.pdf〕 While moderate alcohol consumption (up to four glasses of wine per week) has been shown to protect against dementia, higher rates of consumption increase the chances of getting it.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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